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A Rulebook for Arguments: Generalizations

Page history last edited by jlgravin 13 years, 6 months ago

This chapter discusses the rules for using accurate examples to support generalizations. Here is an example this chapter gives of what to do and what not to do when using specific examples to support a generalization:

No:

French fries are unhealthy (high in fat).

Therefore, all fast foods are unhealthy.

Yes:

French fries are unhealthy (high in fat).

Milkshakes are unhealthy (high in fat).

Deep-fried chicken and cheeseburgers are unhealthy (high in fat).

Therefore, all fast foods are unhealthy.

This chapter says that even though the second argument is stronger than the first (because it uses more examples), it isn't necessarily the best way to make a point.

Things to consider before making generalizations:

1. How representative are your examples? This affects the reliability of your argument.

2. Be wary of numbers. They can be easily manipulated and can sound more authoritative than they actually are.

3. Thinking of counterexamples can actually help you make your argument better.